Who is who in the electricity market?
Electricity producers - various types of power plants where a certain fuel or energy (coal, natural gas, water, sun, wind ...) turns into electricity which is sold in the country and abroad. The largest domestic producer of electricity is ESM, followed by CCPP TE-TO, EVN Elektrani and more other smaller electricity producers.
Preferential electricity producers - produce electricity from renewable sources, which is then purchased at preferential prices (higher than market prices) from the Market Operator. This electricity is allocated proportionally to the active suppliers and through them sold to final consumers. This is done in order to support generation of clean energy.
Power transmission system is operated by MEPSO. TSO transmits high voltage electricity from/to major producers as well as from/to adjacent systems (import/export) and delivers it to the transformer stations (TS) where electricity is lowered to medium-voltage.
Distribution system operator Elektrodistribucija takes over this electricity from the TSO and through its distribution system, branched all over the country, delivers it to the final consumers.
MEMO National Electricity Market Operator is in charge for the organization, efficient functioning and development of the markets with bilateral agreements and balanced energy, as well performs the activities related to the organized electricity market in the country.
Customers who meet the criteria for direct participation in the electricity market have a balanced liability agreement with the electricity transmission system operator and are registered as participants in the electricity market. These costumers, besides from suppliers, can also purchase electricity from electricity traders or producers.
Electricity traders are the key entities through which the sale of electricity is carried out on the wholesale market.
Electricity suppliers perform the same purchasing activities as traders, but apart from them, they have the additional right to supply both households and small customers, that is, their sales activities are directed primarily towards the retail electricity market.
Switch.mk refers exactly to the relationships between electricity suppliers and households and small customers.